The Differences Between Diversity, Assumptions And...

LPN nurses today have a wide variety of skills, expectations and duties to provide ethical, safe care for the patients they look after. The patient population is becoming increasingly diverse and nurses need to understand and learn how to deal with the diversity. All of our patients are different and will need different care. Accommodating diversity will be easier with knowledge and experience and will make a difference in how we provide that care. If nurses can work together, we can make a difference in the health care system by not making assumptions, learning about our diverse patients and keeping our ethnocentrism in check. In this paper I will discuss the differences between diversity, assumptions and ethnocentrism so you can gain understanding, acceptance and respect. Diversity Accommodating diversity in our nursing career should be no different than accepting it in our everyday life. In order to do that we need to understand what diversity means. According to the University of Oregon’s Steering Committee, diversity means understanding that each person is unique and we need to recognize our differences. These differences can be race, ethnicity, gender, sexual orientation, socioeconomic status, age, physical abilities, religion or other ideologies. It is important that we understand each other and move beyond simple tolerance to embrace and celebrate the dimensions of diversity within each individual }[ (Definition of Diversity, 1999). All of the differences listedShow MoreRelatedApplied Personality Theories Essay2538 Words   |  11 Pagesno two people are the same. When considering personality theories it is important to note that not all theories apply to all situations or all people. Different theories have different approaches. It is important to know the person before making assumptions about the proper theory to apply to the person or in any given situation. The purpose of this paper is to analysis how different personality theorists could interoperate different individual circumstances and behaviors based on case examples providedRead MoreDependent Clause and Answer15277 Words   |  62 PagesConclusions should accomplish what two tasks?ANSWER: Conclusions should (1) summarize the main idea and (2) leave the audience with a positive impression. 88. Briefly describe at least three advantages of using lists in business documents. ANSWER: Lists can show the sequence of your ideas, heighten their impact visually, and help readers find your key points. They also provide readers with clues, simplify complex subjects, highlight the main point, break up the page visually, ease the skimming processRead MoreCommunication as a Cross-Cultural Challenge for International Management18350 Words   |  74 Pagesprocess. We owe much gratitude to you and we would not have come this far without you and your continuous support. We are also very appreciative to the corporation Gina Tricot, since they gave us the opportunity to conduct a valuable case study on their experiences to write this thesis. Above that we would also like to greatly thank the Retail Manager, Fredrik Appelqvist, and the Design and Purchasing Manager, Anna Appelqvist for all the important information you contributed with during our interviewsRead MoreSSD2 Module 1 Notes31223 Words   |  125 Pagesprocedures in the SOP, if necessary. Top Secret You will apply a TOP SECRET classification to an SOP in which the unauthorized disclosure of its contents could reasonably be expected to cause exceptionally grave damage to the nation s national security. Secret You will apply a SECRET classification to an SOP in which the unauthorized disclosure of its contents could reasonably be expected to cause serious damage to national security. Top Secret You will apply a TOP SECRET classification to an SOPRead MorePersonal Cultural Orientation16493 Words   |  66 Pagesintention to revisit with respect to the destination brand and based on their cultural orientation. The research will use the city of Cali in Colombia, South America as the site study, and will focus on a sample of United States tourists. It is hoped the results will provide significant theoretical and practical implications, both for destination managers and marketers to help build competitive strategies for destination in order to sustain meaningful relationships between tourists and their destinationRead MoreMotivators That Do Not Motivate: The Case of Chinese EFL Learners and the Influence of Culture on Motivation8163 Words   |  33 Pagesmotivation orientation, expectancy, and self-evaluated skill. Factor analysis and structural equation modeling were used to explore potential relationships within the framework of the process model. Expectancy was found to be an intervening construct between motivation orientations and self-evaluated skill. The strongest link to expectancy was the required motivation, with the integrative motivation playing no significant role. The context of these findings is discussed in relation to Chinese culturalRead MoreOverview of Hrm93778 Words   |  376 Pagesprogram. This course is designed to provide you the foundations of HRM whether you intend to work in HRM or not, most of these elements will affect you at some point in your career. Either you will be working with some organizations or having people working for you, in both cases you will be dealing with people. To be understandable and lively means that we need to communicate you. We start every chapter with learning objectives. The most important thing you will get out of this course are the basicRead MoreEthnic Reproduction and the Amniotic Deep: Joy Kogawas Obasan13316 Words   |  54 Pagesget started (p. 434) Proximity (p. 434) Exposure and familiarity (p. 435) Similarity (p. 435) Meet the Researcher: Steve Duck (p. 436) Physical attractiveness (p. 438) The attractiveness stereotype (p. 438) The evolutionary approach: sex differences and sexual selection – what do males and females find attractive? (p. 438) The importance of facial symmetry (p. 439) Is attractiveness really no more than averageness? (p. 440) Body symmetry and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) (p. 440) Is physicalRead MorePmp Exam Preparation Questions32679 Words   |  131 Pagescycle are you in? A Planning process group B Executing process group C Monitoring and controlling process group D Closing process group 2 Which one of the following statements expresses the difference between quality and grade?    A High quality is a problem, but low grade may not be B Low quality is not a problem but low grade may not be. C Low quality is a problem, but low grade may not be. D Neither low quality nor low grade is a problem. 3 You are excited because you have beenRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 Pagesmymanagementlab is an online assessment and preparation solution for courses in Principles of Management, Human Resources, Strategy, and Organizational Behavior that helps you actively study and prepare material for class. Chapter-by-chapter activities, including built-in pretests and posttests, focus on what you need to learn and to review in order to succeed. Visit www.mymanagementlab.com to learn more. DEVELOPING MANAGEMENT SKILLS EIGHTH EDITION David A. 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Baptist Church Visit Essay - 713 Words

Baptist Church Visit I decided to go to a Baptist Church here in Miami. The reason that I chose Coral Park Baptist Church was because most Baptist Churches that I called here in Miami had the service in Spanish but Coral Park Baptist had an English service as well. I went to the eleven o’clock service on Sunday. The whole church itself was pretty big. There is the main temple that has the regular service in Spanish and then there is a whole other building that has separate classrooms where the English service is held and other Sunday school type classes are held. There were not as many people in the English service as there were in the Spanish service because the Spanish service is the focal point of the church. In the†¦show more content†¦When the service started it began with prayer, during the service there were moments of prayer, and the service ended with prayer. Something that I found very entertaining was the form of worship that they used which was singing. They sang a lot of different songs that worshiped God. You could tell who went to church a lot because they knew all the songs by heart. For those like me that didn’t know the songs, the words were projected on to the wall so you could sing along with everyone else. There was also a live band that played the music to sing to. This part of the service was really entertaining to me and I really enjoyed it. Another part of the service that I did not get to witness was the actual baptizing part. In the English service they do not have a pool to baptize people in. They only baptize people in the Spanish service so I was not able to see this happen. The rest of the service was all about the preacher preaching. His sermon was not right out of the bible. He talked about real life situations that are related to what the bible talks about so I found it better to relate to what is going on in your life. It got pretty boring though when he kept on talking for around thirty to forty-five minutes. The whole service was around an hour and forty-five minutes to two hours. After going to the Baptist church I gained a new found respect for the Christian religion. It is not what I believe in but after going to the Baptist service I saw what itShow MoreRelatedAbortion I chose to write about the topic of Abortion because it is something most everyone1100 Words   |  5 Pagesreal reason to ever make a mockery of a sensitive situation. In all actuality causing a scene such as Westboro Baptist church often did, fed hate. Threatening women going in to procedures, send threatening letters and all it really is doing is feeding the hate. Expressing their hate enrages people and many return hate right back. Of course, I am not blaming just Westboro’s Baptist church, it comes in all forms, individuals, other organizations and even politics but most likely from a safe distanceRead MoreThe Church Of The Brentwood Baptist Church Essay1352 Words   |  6 Pagesinformation about your visit. Church Name and Address: Brentwood Baptist Church 7777 Concord Road Brentwood, TN Date and Time of Service: November 6, 2016 at 9:30 am Name of the person you spoke with on the pastoral staff: Pastor Dodridge and Steve Layton 2. Describe any previous experience with this church or why you chose this church. The Brentwood Baptist Church is not a church that I have had any previous experience with. I had the opportunity to attend the Brentwood Baptist Church while on vacationRead MorePersonal Resume : The Salvation Experience953 Words   |  4 Pagesmeeting at First Baptist of Harrison, Michigan, I came to the point in my life that I needed to turn my life over to God and formally dedicated my life to God. About a year after that I started to feeling called to pastoral ministry. Upon graduating from Clare High School my goal was to earn and save enough money so that I could attend a Christian college, I got sidetracked by trying to do God’s will my way. I started to drift away from church at that time. God guided me back into church a few yearsRead MoreThe Differences Between The Baptist And Christian Religions1089 Words   |  5 PagesBaptist Christians are much different than many other religions in the world. Though they’re categorized as Christians, they are quite different than other Christian religions. One other religion that the Baptist differs from in many ways is Catholicism. Though both share the same faith in Jesus Christ, there are specific differences between the two religions. Baptist Christians’ â€Å"Tradition has emphasized the Lordship and atoning sacrifice of Jesus Christ, believers’ baptism, the competency of allRead MoreWorld Religion1511 Words   |  7 Pagesaspects of our worldwide ways of life. Among the few religions I attended in person to view what cultural values, beliefs, and aspects that individuals abided by were the Vietnamese Buddhist Temple, The Greek Orthodox Church, Unitarian-Universalist Church, and Pilgrim Baptist Church. All in which shared different views and progressions on the way of life. The Vietnamese Buddhist Temple I found to be one of the more interesting locations out of all because of the formal one on one interaction withRead MoreThe Church And The Baptist Church873 Words   |  4 PagesOn Monday the 22nd, I went to the local Crossroads Baptist Church, located close to home at in Leesburg, VA. This was my first time experience as I am Hindu and my parents never exposed me to any churches. Dr. Kenneth K. Baldwin was the pastor at the time I went. Luckily, I got the chance to speak with him after the service. After our discussion, I realized that he had a great vision for his church and is doing a great job leading it to in the right path. I sensed his passion for preaching as theyRead MoreDr. Kenneth K. Baldwin835 Words   |  4 PagesOn Monday, I went to the local Crossroads Baptist Church, located at 850 Edwards Ferry Rd NE, Leesburg, VA. This was my first time experience as I am Hindu and my parents never exposed me to any churches. Dr. Kenneth K. Baldwin was the pastor at the time I went. Luckily, I got the chance to speak with him after the service. After our brief conclusion, I realized that he had a great vision for his church and is leading it to success through his passion. I sensed his passion for preaching and religiousRead MoreThe Infancy Gospel Of James1684 Words   |  7 Pagesmessage from God about offspring. He is recorded as saying that he â€Å"shall not go down either for food or for drink until the Lord my God visits me.† In the fourth chapter, the angel of the Lord who informs her that she will conceive a child who will be known throughout the world visits Anna. Near that time, the angel of the Lord who delivers the same good news also visits Joachim. Mary is born to them nine months later. The text goes into great depths to describe Mary’s birth, saying, â€Å"Anna asked theRead MoreMy Visit to a Jewish Synagogue Essay874 Words   |  4 Pages9-12 When I visited my first Jewish synagogue, I expected it to be very different. My previous experience with religious ceremonies was limited to a few visits to Baptist churches. The most surprising thing for me at this one was, oddly enough, its similarity to Christian services and rituals. I went into the religious visit expecting an enormous difference in the customs and perhaps even in the attitudes of the people attending the service. What I found instead was a religious ceremonyRead MoreI Am The Way, And The Truth1503 Words   |  7 Pagesis the creed for Houston Baptist University. Growing up in a religious household and strong church family, this is how I proceed in everyday life. I was taught that God is a guiding light, something essential for a first year college student with responsibilities and new beginnings. This idealistic perception on life, its broad history and facts, clear components when attending the school, and profound business program are just a few of th e many reasons why Houston Baptist University is such a remarkable

How Managing with a Global Mindset Free Essays

string(118) " global leader must have strategic worldwide vision in order to promote changes and capture the market opportunities\." How managing with a global mindset adequately addresses some challenges raised by managing in a globalising world. ABSTRACT The globalising world has impacted and raised new challenges for organisations and leaders. Thinking about new perspectives and reframe old paradigms are required and fundamental to leaders succeed in the global competitive environment. We will write a custom essay sample on How Managing with a Global Mindset or any similar topic only for you Order Now This essay will explore how managing with a global mindset are becoming an important competence across boundaries and how it can open doors for thriving businesses worldwide. Table of contents 1. Challenges of managing in a globalising world †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 3 2. Competencies of global leaders †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 4 3. Global versus Local †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 6 4. Global mobility †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã ¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 5. Conclusion†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 9 6. Bibliography †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 10 2 Managing with a global mi ndset 1. Challenges of managing in a globalising world The globalisation process promoted significant changes in the businesses environment. In this context, global organisations have been the target of constant and intense transformations, which affect and require redefinitions of the leadership style adopted. These companies need global leaders, who are able to face the demands of a competitive and internationalised market (Adler, Brody and Osland 2001). Many multinational companies are facing a common challenge: the development of leaders able to manage global companies and take advantage of strategic opportunities. But do the global leaders require a set of capacities totally different from those required for national companies? What would be the main difficulties faced by global leaders when they extend their activities outside the domestic market? How does global companies can act in order to promote a global mindset among their leaders and employees? Some key traits of a leader, which can be carried out independently of the position or hierarchical level, has been considered as essential such as integrity, self-confidence, drive, desire to lead, communication, selfconfidence, and the potential to stimulate and capacitate its collaborators in the search for creative solutions and innovative alternatives, besides knowing the business (Kirkpatrick and Locke, 1991). On the other hand, global leadership, in addition to the above-mentioned characteristics, presents differentiated traits like the capacity to appreciate and deal with different cultures, as it is in direct or indirect contact with subsidiaries in other countries and even with main offices located in the same country, but with cultural differences. Additionally, inquisitiveness, self-awareness, capacity to embrace duality among others has been considered as core characteristics to lead global companies (Gregersen, Morrison and Black, 1998). The increased diversity that leaders in global roles need to confront and the challenges of operating over long distances and multiple time zones, often remotely, were seen to have particular significance for the leadership approaches and behaviours required. Higher risks, complexity and uncertainty due to constant changes in 3 Managing with a global mindset political and economic conditions are considered additional challenges that global organisations and leaders must deal with in developing their strategy. They need to maximise the benefits and opportunities of operating globally, manage the increased scale and scope that international operations require, build alliances across boundaries and understand international disciplines such as regulations, finance and human resources management that differ from those who operates only nationally. Furthermore, understand the business as a whole in a global context; the competition and market trends are essential for making well-informed business decisions and to stay ahead of the competitors. Managing in a globalising world also requires being innovative and having the courage to challenge the status quo (Gregersen, Morrison and Black, 1998). 2. Competencies of Global Leaders According results of a research carried out among global company leaders, successful leaders had a remarkable global mentality and they see and think about the world in a different way from those who let themselves be discouraged and disheartened in the face of global enterprise challenge. And what would be the essential trait that defines that remarkable mentality? According to Black (2006), it is curiosity and inquisitiveness. â€Å"They seek to try the local food and not international food at some five star hotels. They read the local newspaper, talk to the local residents. † Although this trend in search of new experiences may be an innate trait, and not something that is learnt, nothing prevents the companies from looking for this characteristic at the time of selecting its potential leaders and sending them to an international assignment. Although individual personality traits mould leadership capacities, the company’s culture has an equally vital role. Black (2006) describes what John Pepper, one of the leaders of Procter Gamble who helped to make the company a global company in the 80s and 90s, did when he arrived in a country where he had never been before: he visited five local families and learned with them how the families washed their clothes, cleaned the house and dealt with the children’s hygiene in that culture. Pepper believed that the experience and real contact with local cultures makes the difference in becoming a global leader. 4 Managing with a global mindset According to Manning (2003), most of the companies admit that technical competencies and organizational experience alone are insufficient criteria for the choice of a global leader. Pursuant to the studies developed by Black and Gregersen (1999), the crucial characteristic for leadership is linked to relationship skills and opening of new perspectives. The process of developing global leaders becomes a challenge, because the understanding of this movement experienced by them collides with personality traits that differentiate them from the rest. And such characteristics directly affect the work relationships and the effectiveness of the cross cultural leadership, the elements of which should be taken into consideration by the organisations for the selection and development of global leadership programs. It is indispensable for the leaders to know that in a scenario of connection and exchange of knowledge and of new management practices, functional and geographic mobility requires a global leader capable of enduring the pressures, constant uncertainties and resisting to the disruption of pre-set standards in order to adapt himself to a new reality. The global leader must have strategic worldwide vision in order to promote changes and capture the market opportunities. You read "How Managing with a Global Mindset" in category "Essay examples" Additionally, they need to be adaptable, have capacity for managing uncertainty, ability to balance tensions and to understand people and fundamentally have open-mindedness, which is key for them succeed (Gregersen, Morrison and Black 1998). As Jeff Bezos, founder and CEO of Amazon. com, affirmed: â€Å"We cannot let short term investors and specialists frighten us and prevent us from experimenting†. One of the most redeeming features of the culture of Amazon according to its CEO is the fact that it values experimentation. Bezos believes that it is an important attitude to learn and to innovate as a global company (Business Harvard Review, 2007). Experimentation is also a fundamental competence for global leaders that should explore new ideas, products and markets without fear, even when the return is not immediate. In the past, companies entrusted innovation to a few geniuses at the main office and simply appropriated it. Today, in a globalising world multinationals value and reap the fruits of the inventiveness of their employees wherever they are. 5 Managing with a global mindset 3. Global versus Local Global leadership â€Å"is not about doing business abroad. It’s about managing an integrated enterprise across borders where you encounter different cultural, legal, regulatory and economic systems,† says Stephen Kobrin (2007), a Wharton professor of Multinational Management. â€Å"It’s about operating in multiple environments trying to achieve a common objective. â€Å" No matter what the challenges may be many observers draw the attention to the fact that managing a global company is something very different from managing a domestic company. A German company that operates solely in Germany can be managed in a certain way. However, those in charge of an international company, depending on where it operates, have to review several of their assumptions regarding many things, from the development of the marketing strategies, regulatory framework to the human resources policies. Despite globalisation, â€Å"the world is not flat†. There are many variations in basic things that require adaptations, when leaders ignore them there is a high risk of compromising the company’s performance (Kobrin, 2007). A very good strategy for the company in Germany, based on an absolute understanding of the German market, may not work in Japan. Organisations and global leaders deal with the challenge of determining when a global and when a local solution is the most effective way to deliver to market. They need to determine where standards, products and processes need to adhere to worldwide frameworks and where local standards are more appropriate. Kobrin (2007) formulates the question of global leadership and interprets it as a clash with a basic paradigm: the exchange between integration and fragmentation. According his experience it is important to ask: Do the company react in a different way according to the market? Or do they operate the same way no matter where? The way each one reacts to individual markets depends on the common elements to those markets, he adds. In regard to technology, for example, the environment is less important. People use computer chips in the 6 Managing with a global mindset ame way, independently from which culture they belong or the language they speak. Therefore, the problem faced by the global leader is related to the pressure of the balance to be attained when the company has to answer to different markets in a different way, benefiting from the efficiencies of scale. Sometimes tension arouse between the managers from the country of origin and the local professionals. Lack of flexibility in dealing with local demands partly explains why some companies face a series of crisis in their global expansion. The global leaders need to be able to find a balance between the extremes. Believe that the countries are so different that any type of local intervention is impossible, and leave the management totally in the hands of local professionals is not a global strategy. It is crucial to find a balance and understand that there are differences to be respected, but might there are similarities and possible learning on both sides of the border. Empower local subsidiaries and local teams and at same time implement strategies that are globally effective is a huge challenge for global companies and leaders. . Global Mobility Samsung Electronics, of South Korea, often mentioned as one of the most successful emerging companies, is an example of how a company can transfer world-class resources overseas. The company initially amassed solid experience in the development of products and operations globally. Being one of the most efficient electronics companies in the world used its capacities in large -scale manufacturing and its experience in innovation to launch the brand in new markets like USA and Europe. Next, Samsung invested heavily in research and development and in the global production, increasing even more its participation within the world marketplace. To make this possible, Samsung recruits people from different nationalities from different universities in the world. The company institutionalised its training and development, when it created an internal training centre and implementing a systematic approach to performance management. Moreover, Samsung encourage 7 Managing with a global mindset transfer of capacities that requires executives who know how to apply tandard practices in diverse countries, contexts and cultures. This integration of markets, resources and talents – an essential element for global growth – does not yet occur in most of the companies, even among those who already do business around the world (McKinsey, 2007). Like Samsung, Shell re-allocates high potential managers placing them in various different positions in distinct sectors of the c ompany, including overseas. To work in various positions overseas during several years is an indispensable part of Shell’s culture, states Mathilde de Boer, consultant of Leadership Development of Shell Learning. Though the employees are sometimes reluctant towards this policy of constant relocation — â€Å"when it comes to couples with each one having their own career, the challenge is even greater†, notes de Boer —, since willingness to travel and live overseas is a fundamental requirement for someone who wants to progress his career. â€Å"When someone decides to move into a higher position, he or she will have to face a job that implies moving to different locations†. The benefits of overseas experience are visible at the time the executives meet for more formal leadership training. As they have experience in many different situations, they quickly pick up new ways of doing things (McKinsey, 2007). According to McCall and Hollenbeck (2002), although global executives should be flexible people, sensitive to cultural differences, capable of dealing with complexities and willing to think globally, they need to develop or improve these competencies through travelling overseas, uniting with international teams, adhering to training programs focused on globalisation and or transfers to other subsidiaries. Training can contribute to global leader’s development and with the process of opening to the new. Aiming to extend the boundaries and reframe the actual mental map. Thus, training should confront the participants with the contrasts found in the world that engage most of their senses for a significant period of time (Black, Gregersen, 1999). Meanwhile, the process of global leaders’ training does not consider only their capacities and qualifications, but also the experiences lived and the lessons learn from their practical day-to-day. 8 Managing with a global mindset Diversify and amplify the leader’s cultural backgrounds may be essential for large multinational organisations that aim to keep or develop their competitive advantage. Manoeuvring across the global environment, spanning diverse countries, cultures and customers’ preferences and expectations, presents significant challenges but also opportunities. For this reason promote global mindset among the leaders through international assignments or rotations through different functions it is important to develop the leaders’ ability to deal with uncertainty and change, gain a greater understanding of the organisation, develop networks and facilitate the transfer of knowledge across the company and beyond the borders. 5. Conclusion It is not adequate to define a company as global based on the amount of offices it has overseas. The real measurement to define a company as global is the way in which it perceives the world. It is not only a question of the number of employees working around the world. What is important is the extent of their connection and collaboration with people in other countries. In reviewing the literature it becomes clear that there is a greater understanding about the importance of the strategic role that an effective global leadership plays in facilitating organisations’ ability to compete effectively in a very competitive globalising market. As a consequence many organisations are making particular efforts to tailor development programs to address leaders’ needs, such as encouraging knowledge sharing and mobilising individuals and teams who have experience and expertise around the world to participate on projects where skills and best practice are transferred. Promoting multicultural training and how to manage international and virtual teams and rotating people through different functions. These methods have been applied to develop leaders’ ability to deal with ambiguity, uncertainty and change. Moreover, develop a global mindset and gain a greater understanding of the organisation to facilitate the transfer of knowledge. 9 Managing with a global mindset As companies are increasingly spreading around the world, it becomes very difficult to build an organisational culture of equally shared knowledge. Organisations need to take a proactive and integrated approach in developing global leaders. They need to be clear about the capabilities required of their global leaders, ensure that development initiatives are appropriate for their needs through regular evaluation and review, and support effective leadership practices and behaviours through all their human resources processes. On the other hand, leaders also need to focus on building their global mindset through an understanding of their own needs and focusing on self-development efforts. They need constantly practice the watching and listening attitude to able to manage potential dilemmas that arise from cultural differences. And make efforts to do not stereotype, recognising and valuing the benefits that differences bring through an open-minded approach. Seeking to bring diverging opinions together and make efforts to promote news ways of doing things. 10 Managing with a global mindset 6. Bibliography Adler, NJ, Brody, LW and Osland, JS 2001, Going Beyond Twentieth Century Leadership: A CEO Develops his Company’s Global Competitiveness Cross Cultural Management, Vol 8. Black, JS, Morrison, AJ and Gregersen, HB 1999, Global Explorers: The next Generation of Leaders, Routledge, New York, NY. Black, JS 2006, The mindset of global leaders: Inquisitiveness and duality. Advances in global leadership, Stamford, CT: JAI Press. Black, JS and Gregersen, HB 1999, The right way to manage expats. Harvard Business Review. Business Harvard Review, 2007, The institutional yes. An interview with Jeff Bezos, viewed on 10/11/11 . Gregersen, HB, Morrison, AJ and Black, JS 1998, Developing leaders for the global frontier, Sloan Management Review. Kirkpatrick, S and Locke, E 1991, Leadership: do Traits Matter, Academy of Management Executive. Kobrin, SJ 2007, What Makes a Global Leader? , The Wharton School, viewed 09/11/11, . Manning, T 2003, Leadership Across Cultures: Attachment Style Influences. Journal of Leadership an Organizational Studies, Winter. McCall, MW, and Hollenbeck, GP 2002, Developing global executives: The lessons of international experience. Boston: Harvard Business School Press. McKinsey 2007, Developing Global Leaders in Latin America, McKinsey Quarterly, viewed 09/11/11, . 11 Managing with a global mindset How to cite How Managing with a Global Mindset, Essay examples

America Paper Essay Example For Students

America Paper Essay Word Count: 603You know the feeling. You cant turn on the big game without one. You cant listen to your stereo system without one. DVD? Nope! Where is the damn thing? Im holding three, but theyre not the right one. The remote always seem to be just that remote. Your typical American can have anywhere from four to six to eight remotes to control any number of electronic machines. Just looking at them and trying to comprehend their function is utterly overwhelming. The sizes differ just as much as the items they control. Line the remotes up on a coffee table and they almost look like a squadron of high-powered military aircraft on the deck of an aircraft carrier capable of who knows what with all those buttons. Funny thing is the remote is almost as important to our peaceful, domestic well being as those aircraft are to our peaceful, domestic national safety. And of all the impressive aircraft we have at our disposal here in America, I think the remote is most like the stealth fighter because were always fighting to find it. Take the television remote for instance. It is the king of importance and is always the hardest to find. You end up missing the first quarter of the big game because youve torn up the whole house looking for the now invis ible remote. What happened to the stereo remote? Is it under the couch cushion or the couch itself? Is it even in the room? The other remotes dont help because you need the specific one for the specific electronic machine. Funny thing is, despite all of their individual features, they all share one certain function: getting lost, or going stealth as I call it, and then the search is on for one of the many. Many Americans dont even look at it as odd behavior to have what seems like an infinite number of remotes. Look at the many electronic machines that have remotes: TVs, VCRs, DVD players, CD players, stereo systems, garage doors, window blinds, car security systems, even some gas fireplaces come with remote control units! Some day every item we buy will be remote controlled in some way. For some this is a good thing, but Im not so sure. What are we doing? More importantly, what are the remotes doing to us? By using remotes we end up removing ourselves from contact with the things we own and enjoy. Can this be good for us? By becoming so dependent on these little leisure-enhancing machines, we forget to notice during our blundering around that there are controls right on the larger machines. We have become so automatic in our mindless routines that we look at it as a chore if we have to get up and go turn on or off the TV or the stereo. Amazingly enough, in our panic and frustration to locate the stealth remote, we walk right by the machine we wish to turn on. Does this happen elsewhere in the world, or is it an American problem? What would Ralph Waldo Emerson say about such a convenience? Todays Americans have forgotten Emersons whole idea of self-reliance. In his essay Self-Reliance Emerson says The civilized man has built a coach, but has lost the use of his feetand it may be a question whether machinery does not encumber With their present machinery, Americans have become distantremote by using these remotes, and we are further removing ourselves from the self-reliance that we once had.

8 Surefire Signs You Need To Change Careers NOW

8 Surefire Signs You Need To Change Careers NOW It can be scary to change careers, but sometimes it’s the absolute right thing to do. Don’t let yourself get stuck in a career rut. If any of these warning signs apply to you, find yourself a new job STAT. 1. Your weekends are always too short.Everybody’s weekends are too short. But yours are really fraught. You get to the office on Monday and by that same afternoon, you’re counting down the hours until Friday. Then you spend most of your weekend dreading Monday morning. Even Sunday is a waste because you’re so miserable thinking about going back to work.2. You’ve lost your passion.Not everyone can be 100% jazzed about their job at all times. But you’re bordering on burnout. There’s no joy taken in any aspect of your work- even the tasks that used to be enjoyable. You can’t quite remember why you work there anymore. You’ve lost your drive. And now you’re really only there for the money, which probably isnâ⠂¬â„¢t that great anyway, and by no means makes up for the apathy and boredom and pervasive emptiness you feel.3. You feel trapped.It’s precisely when you feel that you can’t get out that you should try your hardest to free yourself. Maybe you’re caught in the trap of losing your motivation because you aren’t being challenged. That vicious cycle will only get worse. You’re eternally bored, which drains your energy, and so on, and so on†¦4. You’re envious of, well, everyone.If you find yourself pining for other people’s career situations, that’s a great sign that there’s something wrong with your own. Clean up your own house. Make sure you’re not looking at other people’s lives, but at your own, and making the changes you need to make. Follow your own big dreams.5. Your health is suffering.Often your body will tell you first when you need to switch jobs. Stress can wreak utter havoc on the body- through bad eating habits, high blood pressure, and even heart attacks. If you’re losing vitality and sleep at a job, or if you have tension headaches, achiness, and fatigue, it’s time to listen to what your body is telling you. Find a way out.6. You have zero work-life balance.Your friends don’t even recognize you anymore. You don’t have any time for family or friends. You’re all stress, all the time. You never do the things that used to bring happiness to your home life. Plus, the people closest to you have noticed a change in you for the worst- either in your appearance or demeanor. You’re constantly worn out and depleted. Time for a makeover for both you and your career.7. Everything is a struggle.Your company culture just makes everything so fraught and unpleasant. You can’t think of a single nice thing to say about your job. You don’t even have a positive relationship with your coworkers where  you can go out and complain abou t it over lunch. You’re a little bit isolated and a lot frustrated.8. You could do better.You’re sure that your talents and abilities could really make a difference somewhere, but they are wasted here. Don’t be too scared to go for your dream career. Chances are, that’s where your passion and creativity lie- and where you’ll actually enjoy going to work each week.

Domestic Violence Against Asian Women Social Work Essay Example

Domestic Violence Against Asian Women Social Work Essay Example Domestic Violence Against Asian Women Social Work Essay Domestic Violence Against Asian Women Social Work Essay This study is based on a Chief Executive Officer with limitless budget to better mental wellness services in London Borough of Ealing. The undermentioned vicinity survey will concentrate on a proposal for alteration to better services. It will concentrate on the alterations necessary in theA services provided for Asiatic Women sing domestic force with mental wellness issues. An apprehension of societal and cultural diverseness will be discussed and their impact on health care. In add-on, these issues will be compared to the London borough of Hammersmith and Fulham. Domestic force has come to the head as an of import issue that affect many people in our society. DH, ( 2005 ) define domestic force as any force, maltreatment or endangering behavior between current or former spouses. It stipulate that any effort to exert control over an intimate spouse or household members irrespective of gender, gender constitutes domestic force ; the force can include physical, psychological, sexual, fiscal and emotional maltreatment. Domestic force can besides include honour base force, female venereal mutilation and force matrimonies. Harmonizing to Home Office, ( 2004 ) , adult females are more likely to go victim of domestic force than work forces ; kids are besides affected and can be traumatised by the incidences they have seen. Research has shown that one in four adult females experience domestic force over their life-time and one in 10 adult females see it yearly and 32 % of kids ( Walby and Allen, 2004 ) . Williamson, ( 2000 ) outlined that cultural minority adult females are good known to be victims of domestic force peculiarly Asians. However ( DH, 2005 ) highlighted that the affects of domestic force can ensue in adult females sing isolation, loss of occupation and income, low ego regard and self worth ; It can take to mental wellness issues in adult females doing the victims to endure from mental wellness jobs including, anxiousness upset, eating upset, depression and ego injury which could take to suicide. Experience of domestic force can besides worsen an bing mental wellness status. Womensaid, ( 2009 ) highlighted that a big figure of adult females accessing mental wellness services have experienced domestic force, and at least 20 % of service users are still sing the maltreatment. It farther suggests that 50 % of Asiatic adult females who have attempted self-destruction or ego injury are subsisters of domestic force. The London Borough of Ealing consists of 23 wards. It is the 3rd largest borough in London with a population of 300,948 of which 151,200 of the occupants are females and 22,200 are of Asiatic background ( Neighbourhood statistics, 2006 ) . When compared to Hammersmith and Fulham borough, they have a population of 165,242 Nationally Domestic Violent rate for Asiatic adult females. However, 58 % of these adult females view themselves to be white British and merely 25 % declares to be Asians ( Ealing Council, 2009 ) ( appendix 1 ) . The motive for this proposed alteration is necessary as services for cultural minority adult females sing domestic force in assorted countries in the state are under-funded or non-existence ( Williamson, 2000 ) . Mainstreaming Gender and Women s Mental Health ( DH, 2002 ) place experiences of force and maltreatment as a nucleus subject in adult females s mental wellness troubles. Today s mental wellness system manages diagnosing and accepts long-run disablement accordingly offering a label as an account for enduring alternatively of allowing service users to portion their narratives, experiences and their feelings. The degree of domestic force amongst adult females has increased significantly in Ealing Borough. Recent figures revealed that Ealing is the 9th highest borough for describing domestic force between April 2007 to January 2008 Ealing Council ( 2009 ) . It was highlighted that 41 % of reported instances were of white European whereas the 2nd highest reported instances were from Asiatic background ( see appendix 3 ) . It was besides suggested that domestic force is the highest offense reported nationally to the constabulary, and 89 % of domestic force victims are adult females ( Ealing Council, 2009 ) . The cost of domestic force on the UK economic system is tremendous ; recent figures reported to be ?23 billion yearly for the UK and ?280 million for London Borough of Ealing severally ( Ealing Council, 2009 ) . Furthermore, it is estimated that on mean adult females are assaulted 35 times before they report to the constabulary nevertheless ; most adult females do non describe and endure in silence. This may be due to the psychological province known as beat-up adult females syndrome identified by ( Walker, 2000 ) in which the victim feels powerless to alter the state of affairs. Baggot ( 2004 ) argued that cultural minority groups are faced with poorer wellness conditions than the remainder of the population ; people from certain cultural background may be denied timely entree to healthcare or offered lower criterions of attention than the remainder of the population. 55 % of Ealing s population is predominately cultural minority groups. The entire South Asiatic population in Ealing is 41 % compared to 24.7 % in the borough of Hammersmith and Fulham. This important difference in cultural profile has a cardinal impact on the overall wellness of the community. Harmonizing to Kandola A ; Fullerton ( 1998 ) , diverseness is the difference in cultural beginning, faith and other factors which cause people to hold different positions on the same set of facts or issues. The civilization amongst Asiatic communities makes it hard for married adult females to unwrap that they are victims of domestic force ; dislocation of matrimonies is frequently seen as the adult females s mistake hence they are likely to be rejected by household members and their community. It is culturally accepted that adult females should be abuse accordingly going victims of domestic force. Additionally, Some Asiatic adult females may be capable to in-migration control. This can act upon their determination to take action against their hubbies because of exile from the UK. Furthermore, most of these adult females do non talk English and finds it hard to pass on. Women s National Commission, ( 2009 ) study outlined that many of the victims are of insecure in-migration position, holding limited leave or no leave to stay within the state and are hence capable to no resort to public financess hence are unable to obtain province benefits, therefore restricting their entree to services, societal lodging, legal advice and support. Ealing Council, ( 2009 ) study, emphasised that presently Ealing has merely two organisations offering exigency adjustment services. These services are limited as there are merely 18 grownup bed topographic points, the topographic points available for reding and protagonism services do non hold equal staff to supply support to suit the figure of victims identified by the Council. ( WHO, ( 1997 ) cited in DH, ( 2006 ) states that force against adult females is a public wellness issue which could be prevented. The Department of Health published a manual aimed at health care professionals in 2000 who contacted victims of domestic force ; the intent was to concentrate on the demand to handle vulnerable adult females with compassionate and holistic attack. These sentiments were echoed by the participants of two studies who identified the defects in their intervention as being deficiency of protagonism and follow up intercessions. An person s ethnicity and cultural group remain utile points for understanding the motivations behind domestic force and the impact it has on their mental wellness. It can be argued that go toing to the specific demands and conditions of Asiatic adult females by supplying integrated culturally and gender-sensitive services high spots good pattern. Hence, it becomes of import that the person s perceptual experiences of ego attention are identified in the context of their civilization. Addressing issues of domestic force in relation to mental wellness, wellness inequalities and other societal jobs which lead most adult females to societal disadvantages would be easy addressed. APPENDIX 1 The tabular array below gives an indicant of the different offenses in the borough of Ealing and the UK National Average. Of the offenses committed force against the individual is the highest in the borough. Ealing Council English Average Population 305,000 Families 121,000 Violence against the individual 25.0 15.0 Sexual offenses 1.0 0.9 Robbery offenses 4.4 1.0 Burglary home offenses 9.1 4.3 Larceny of a motor vehicle offenses 3.4 2.3 Larceny from a vehicle offenses 11.6 6.3 Beginning: Ealing Council, ( 2009 ) . APPENDIX 2 The diagram below gives an analytical dislocation of ethnicity for domestic force victims in the Borough Ealing. It shows that 41 % were of white European beginning. The highest of all the cultural groups as defined by constabularies were those of Asiatic backgrounds at 28 % and thirdly Afro-Caribbean groups with 22 % .

Color of my personality Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Color of my personality - Essay Example In recent times, psychologists have pointed out that hereditary factors being more central specifically for personality traits like emotional tones. Nevertheless, acquisition of values, beliefs and expectations seem more ascribed due to the socialization process and early childhood experiences. The green persona is straightforward and does things right for a fast time. They like a neat surrounding, therefore, keep everything in order. They are the most creative and rely heavily on their intuitions. They spend most of their time articulating and discovering new ideas thus embrace the brainstorming sessions since it involves coming up with new ideas. Moreover, the mental impediments that deter other personality colors do not restrict them. Consequently, the combination of their creative nature and absence of mental deterrents prompts the establishment of opportunities and solutions that meets needs of every participant. They are agents of change in the society though they seek it in a more peaceful environment unlike the yellows that are not collaborative. The greens are proponents of growth and prosperity (DiTullio,

1.Indirect Investing Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

1.Indirect Investing - Research Paper Example Such investment points towards the fact that the investors are investing in a product whose performance to a certain extent is linked with the performance of the property. The example of indirect investing is purchasing units in the property funds, purchasing shares in any of the property company that is publicly quoted and contributing to any pension plant that has a property in its portfolio (Indirect Property Investments). Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITS): These are considered to be the public property companies that are primarily listed on Stock Exchange. The investors buy shares in these companies that may be traded through the investor’s stock broker. The examples of such public companies are Great Portland Estate, Land Securities and Derwent London plc. The Land Securities is one of UK’s largest property companies that invest in almost all the classes and types of properties present across the country. However on the other hand Derwent London plc only invests in property present in Central London and that too mostly in offices. Unit Trusts: There are several other means of indirectly investing in property. These means may take several other forms that are suited for a number of investors. Some examples of unit trusts are mentioned below: The authorized and unauthorized investment funds can be further divided into open and close ended funds. The open ended funds are the ones which do not have a definite life span, which means that they may go on forever and their units can be traded in the open market. The example of Open ended funds is Standard Life Property Income Unit Trust. The close ended funds may have a definite life span, for instance 10 years. After this duration the property is sold and the unit holders are paid out. The example of Close Ended Funds is Schroders WELput Unit Trust. The investment in office property present in London will come to an end in the year 2023, after selling the whole

Specific events over the past years that have affected the stock Essay

Specific events over the past years that have affected the stock market - Essay Example Prices remain steady and predictable and investors are confident in the market remaining steady. Markets respond to changes in the economy and a major change in the economy often results in major shifts in the stock market. Market crashes are precipitate by something occurring within the economy or war (or the threat of war). The stock market (New York Stock Exchange) responds to changes by gaining value or losing value. Markets losing value are not good. Changes in the economy can be real or perceived (the belief that something bad is going to happen). The NYSE (New York Stock Exchange) has responded in the past to changes (some perceived, some real) in the economic environment. Careful study of the stock markets since 1900 shows several events that affected the markets. Crashes in the market were swift and often lasted more than a year before the markets recovered. The most recent stock market crash was from January of 2000 to October 2002. During this time frame the markets were affected by the bursting of the 'tech bubble'. A lot of small '.com' start-ups went out of business and their investors incurred great losses. Also, during this time frame the twin towers were toppled by a terrorist attack (September 11th 2001). The instability this caused was reflected in market performance. The market dropped 37.8% before it recovered. According to Brenda Spotten, Associate Professor ... other symptoms of financial instability may adversely affect the real economy if they impair the ability of the financial markets to provide funds and hence transfer command over resources."(Spotten, B p1) In essence, a perceived inefficiency in the market can affect the economy and vice versa. Recently another 'bubble' burst. The housing market currently is in a slump. Good advice for investors would be to not invest in trendy new investments like 'tech bubble' start-ups. Investing in funds that are market resistant (such as a diversified fund) would provide some protection from market instability. Changes in the Federal Reserve lending rate can cause ripples in financial markets. Sometimes investors watch closely when the Federal Reserve changes interest rates for overnight lending (for banks). In 2004 investors were relieved when then Chairman, Alan Greenspan, raised the interest rate by 2.5%.(Ip, G p1) The markets continued to remain stable. Between November of 1973 and December of 1974 the market lost 45% of its value before recovering. During this time frame the Vietnam campaign was winding down. The retreat of American forces from Vietnam and the Watergate investigation had the affect of reducing consumer confidence in the market. Going back further in history finds another stock market crash that was the result of events in history. During 1939 and 1942 the United States grappled with entering World War Two. During this time frame the stock market lost 40% of its value. The attack on Pearl Harbor cemented the United States' entry into the war. As wartime production increased, the markets recovered. Prior to the United States' commitment to the war, politics, and fear of war, fueled the market crash during this period. The early American

Interpreting Literature By Means Of Psychoanalysis English Literature Essay

Interpreting Literature By Means Of Psychoanalysis English Literature Essay Psychological criticism is a way of interpreting literature by means of psychoanalysis, a form of interpretation developed by Dr. Sigmund Freud. In the practice of psychoanalysis, Freud attempted to understand the interaction of the conscious and unconscious mind. He believed that repressed conflicts and fears could be uncovered by having the patient speak freely and openly so that the listener may decipher hidden meanings and motives the patient might be unaware of. Much of his most famous hypotheses focus on the realm of the unconscious mind and how it goes about manifesting itself. Similarly, the role of psychological criticism is to attempt to analyze and draw conclusions from suppressed desires, conflicts, and fears within the realm of the unconscious of the characters, author, or even the reader of the piece of literature. This form of criticism can easily be applied to William Faulkners A Rose for Emily, a short story about the decaying life of Miss Emily Grierson as seen thro ugh the perspective of the town she lives in. Devastated by the loss of her father, Emily keeps herself isolated from everyone in the community except for Homer Barron, whom she later kills and holds on to in a last act of holding on to the past. To better understand Emily Griersons isolation from a psychological perspective, we must take a look at the underlying motivations within her character. Such motivations, can be discovered from many aspects of the story such as the setting and the relationship that Emily has between her late father and the entire community. Emilys isolation can also be seen in her behavior of avoidance and denial. The shot story  ¿Ã‚ ½A Rose for Emily ¿Ã‚ ½ takes place in a small town in the deep south shortly after the Civil War. Miss Emily came from the Grierson family, a noble, upper-class family from the time. She  ¿Ã‚ ½had been a tradition, a duty, a care; a sort of hereditary obligation upon the town ¿Ã‚ ½ showing that she had noblesse oblige and she intended to keep it that way. The neighborhood that she lived in was quickly changing, where  ¿Ã‚ ½only Miss Emilys house was left, lifting its stubborn and coquettish decay above the cotton wagons and the gasoline pumps ¿Ã‚ ½an eyesore among eyesores. ¿Ã‚ ½ While the town had progressed and modernized as most towns at the time did due to the change in ideals from the old generation to the new one, Miss Emily stagnated. In fact, she refused to change her ways at all.  ¿Ã‚ ½When the town got free postal delivery Miss Emily alone refused to let them fasten metal numbers above her door and attach a mailbox to it. She would not l isten to them. ¿Ã‚ ½ The house she lives in is old and run-down, and is a displacement for the state Miss Emily is in. It has stayed the same for many years, and so has she, which is the way she wants it. However, by doing so she separates herself from the community. This is our first glimpse, as the reader, of Emilys isolation. At this point in the story, the reader is left unaware why Miss Emily chooses update and modernize her house. It quickly becomes apparent that it must have something to do with her relationship with her father. Emily and her father have a relationship that is only briefly mentioned, but there is an obvious complication that later manifests itself throughout the rest of Emilys life. Even though Emily is described as being very beautiful when she was younger, her father would drive away any suitor who came to court his daughter. This, in a way, shows a sort of revers oedipal conflict where the father is trying to compete against possible husbands for Emilys love and attention. A possible clue for her fathers actions is that the mother is not there and ,in fact, is never mentioned in the story at all which leads the reader to assume that young Emily is the only woman in his life. The narrator of the story, that is, the people of the community, paint a description of their father-daughte r relationship; Miss Emily a slender figure in white in the background and her father a spraddled silhouette in the foreground, his back to her and clutching a horsewhip.This description displays the idea that Emily is just a back drop to her father and his unconscious motive to keep his daughter close to him and him only. Her being in the back shows that she is being protected from suitors that are unworthy in her fathers eye. Also the whip that is holding may be interpreted as a phallic symbol signifying that he is the patriarch and will fight off anyone that wants to change that. Even so, Emily does not put up a fight but, rather, is submissive to her fathers wishes. She actually enjoys her fathers chasing away of men because, in a way, it brings her closer to her father and strengthens their relationship. This can be explained psychoanalytically as females can only gain identities in stories if they identify with a father figure. Even though young Emily is desperately trying to gain an identity, she is ignorant to the fact that by doing so she is creating a lifestyle of isolation that could only be made worse with the passing of Mr. Grierson. After her fathers death and without any other close family, Emily quickly realizes that she is now alone and isolated. She could not cope with this grim fact and instead turned to denial. When the ladies of the town came to offer their condolences,  ¿Ã‚ ½Miss Emily met them at the door , dressed as usual and with no trace of grief on her face. She told them that her father was not dead. ¿Ã‚ ½ She could not grasp the fact that with the loss of her father came the loss of her female identity and instead represses the idea as she stayed barricaded in her house for a  ¿Ã‚ ½long time ¿Ã‚ ½. The next time she is seen  ¿Ã‚ ½her hair was cut short, making her look like a girl ¿Ã‚ ½. Its quite obvious that at this point she is trying to live in the past to cope with her isolation. The cutting of her hair shows that she is unconsciously trying to go back to a place in her mind where her father is still alive and she is still a girl living under his rule. Shortly after, however, she is seen with Homer Barron,  ¿Ã‚ ½a Yankee ¿Ã‚ ½a big, dark, ready man ¿Ã‚ ½. Her infatuation with Homer was not that of romance as the townspeople thought, rather she was only displacing the idea of her father onto Homer. The only way she could have her father back and for everything to be how it was, Miss Emily must marry Homer; or at least that is what she believed. Her relationship with Homer was not meant to be because Homer was actually a homosexual. The story alludes to this with phallic symbols such as,  ¿Ã‚ ½his hat cocked and a cigar in his teeth ¿Ã‚ ½. When Emily discovers this fact she, again, is in denial. Her last chance of living in the past rushes away in an instant. So instead of letting go of Homer, she again tries to hold on to the past, more successfully this time, by poisoning Homer Barron and holding on to his body, a final act of desperation to save herself from isolation. With Homers body in her possession, she is no longer isolated in her mind. She has her displaced father back but it is different this time; now she is the provider of the duo, or in other words, she has now taken the role of the father. Because of this new found identity her character actually begins to drastically change.  ¿Ã‚ ½She had grown fat and her hair was [ ¿Ã‚ ½] that vigorous iron-gray, like the hair of an active man. ¿Ã‚ ½ This physical change in her appearance signifies that she has now become patriarch of the so-called family. But she is still incomplete in her role because Homer, who has now been dead for some time, cannot ever identify with Miss Emily. So once again, Emily is left isolated by her own accord and she remains this way until the day she dies. In conclusion, by using a psychoanalytic approach to analyze William Faulkners A Rose for Emily, many overlooked details paint an overall theme of isolation in the short story. Her old deteriorating house is a stand in for Emilys mental condition and unwillingness to change. Father daughter issues are prevalent in the story and end up determining the fate of Miss Emily. Devastated over the discovery that her displaced father figure, Homer Barron, is a homosexual she poisons him and denies his death while she holds on to his body, much like she did with her father, in an attempt to live in the past. In the end of her life, Miss Emily is isolated in world of her own creation where she lives in the past and desperately tries to hold on to the present.

Critical Review of the Andromeda Strain Essay -- Novels War Violence E

Critical Review of the Andromeda Strain Imagine walking into a town that normally populates 48 vivacious residents, and discovering 46 non-moving non-living bodies. There are no guns, no bombs, and no visible pre-manufactured weapons of any sort. A few minutes later death strikes, observations can no longer be made, and a black curtain falls. This is what happened to two Army recovery personnel in the town of Piedmont, Arizona (population 48). They set off to retrieve SCOOP VII, a military satellite sent to bring back alien microorganisms. The satellite did its’ job, it brought back a microorganism; something its six predecessors were not able to do. The microorganism SCOOP VII brought back was lethal, killing almost everybody in its’ path, except an old anemic man and a crying infant. Four specialized scientists: Jeremy Stone, Charles Burton, Mark Hall, and Peter Leavitt; are plucked from their everyday lives and placed in the secret building of Project Wildfire, located in Nevada. The five-floored facility was built entirely underground, with each floor more sterile than the one above. Here the four scientists work with the microorganism, now code named â€Å"Andromeda strain.† They try to discover how the agent kills, what it is composed of, where it came from, and why those two civilians survived. The scientists conclude their work on the fifth floor, when disaster strikes. A seal is broken which sets off an automatic nuclear explosio...

Models of decision making Essay

When we speak of rational behavior, we should remember that our focus in this discussion is not on making decisions, but rather on how to support the process of making decisions. Managers are change agents, not just decision makers, so the steps before and after a decision are as important as the actual choice of action. Preparatory steps include creating tension for change, understanding the positions of the various constituencies, and developing political support for a chosen action. Steps after the decision include naming the change monitor and identifying the monitoring methods. Therefore, the mission of good information system is broader than just collecting data to make a choice. Designers of information systems must understand not only how managers think but also how the decision process will be implemented in the managers’ environment. An information system that is well design is an information system that is used. Thus, an information system, in order to be useful, must be implemented. To understand the implementation process better, we review three models of organizational decision making rational, administrative, and political. The Rational Model. The rational model of decision making was introduced earlier in this chapter. It is based on the logic of optimal choice: the choice that would maximize value for the organization. The manager is assumed to be an objective, totally informed person who would select the most efficient alternative, maximizing whatever amount and type of output s/he values. We can summarize the rational choice process as follows: 1. An individual is confronted with a number of known alternative courses of action. 2. Each alternative bears a set of possible consequences. These consequences are known and are quantifiable. 3. The individual has a system of preferences or utilities that permits him or her to rank the consequences and choose an alternative. There is no empirical support for the contention that these three phases are actually used. In reality, managers seldom have the time or money to analyze all alternatives or envision all consequences. If rationality were ever-present among members of an organization, the organization would appear as a coherent and rational  policy-making entity that maximizes the attainment of a unique set of goals and has no internal conflicts. In other words, a rational decision process implies a rational organization. A rational organization is an organization that has (1) centralized power, (2) harmony and consistency of goals across boundaries, and (3) members who are objective, fully informed, and inclined to choose alternatives that maximize the common good of the organization. The rational model represents a sanitized vision of how organizations make decisions. In reality, organizations often seem more like complex groups of coalitions fighting for shares of limited resources, and using multiple sources of information with varying reliability to achieve a set of fluid goals. Individuals within organizations typically have widely divergent perceptions and goals and act to maximize their own gains, not necessarily those of the organization. Because of this disparity between the rational model and reality, we prefer to accept the rational model primarily as a benchmark for comparing the remaining two organization decision-making processes. In searching for a more realistic description of how organizations make decisions, we turn to the satisficing, or administrative, model. The Administrative Model. The quest for a more realistic description of organization decision making produced a variation called the administrative model. This model sees decision makers as people with varying degrees of motivation who are besieged by demands but have little time to make decisions and thus seek shortcuts to find acceptable solutions. Under the administrative model, a decision maker does not try to optimize but instead â€Å"satisfices† treats objectives as loose constraints that can tighten if there are many acceptable alternatives that fulfill those constraints. While optimization would require choosing the alternative with the highest value, satisficing requires finding the first alternative with an acceptable value, that is, an alternative with a value above a minimally acceptable level on a given constraint. Assume you had a car you wanted to sell. If you listed your car for $2,500 and had 10 offers, you could choose with either method. With the rational method, you would determine which offer had the highest value in terms of conditions and price. With the satisficing model, you would accept the first offer that met your lowest acceptable price. Satisficing may lead to a reduced decision quality, but it saves time and effort. Satisficing is a dynamic construct: the aspiration levels of the manager and the number of alternatives determine what is a â€Å"feasible, good enough solution.† It has been pointed out that satisficing is an appropriate (i.e., rational) strategy when the cost of delaying a decision or searching for further alternatives is high in relation to the expected payoff of the supposedly superior alternative. When you take into consideration the costs related to extended search, it is questionable whether the optimum procedure is to search for the optimum value. When a decision has been reached and the solution to the problem implemented and found to be acceptable, then the organization institutionalizes the procedure used to solve the problem into astandard operating procedure (SOP). SOPs are rules, programs, and routines that are invoked by managers to gain time and to avoid the task of solving a problem from scratch each times it appears. Sometimes managers invoke those SOPs when the organization is facing a similar but not identical problem to the one that the SOP originally solved. Since SOPs are often processes that worked once but nobody is quite sure why or whether it was the best way to solve the original problem in the first place. SOPs are not always the time-savers they are supposed to be. Once implication of having rationally bounded decision makers in organizations is that organizations cannot be seen as single entities. Rather, problems are broken down and assigned to specialized units within the organization that develop their own priorities and goals. These goals, sometimes termed subgoals, may not agree with the organization’s overall goals. This phenomenon has been called local rationality.3 Using the perspective, organizations could be viewed as constellations of loosely allied units, each having a set of SOPs and programs to deal with its piece of the problem. As time passes, these units become more distinct and their subgoals more entrenched. These divergences are enhanced by increasingly distinct perceptions of priorities, information, and uncertainty; they are further reinforced by recruitment, rewards, and tenure. When these tendencies are very strong, the loose alliance of organization units breaks down into â€Å"organized anarchies.† In the extreme case, coalitions are created with conflicting interests. This leads us to the political model of rationality. You should note that the term political does not imply that this model is only relevant in the public  (government) sector; rather the term applies to a type of organization that may exist in any industry or industry sector. The Political Model. In contrast to the rational model, players in the political model (often referred to as incrementalists) do not focus on a single issue but on many intraorganizational problems that reflect their personal goals. In contrast to the administrative model, the political model does not assume that decisions result from applying existing standard operating procedures, programs, and routines. Decisions result from bargaining among coalitions. Unlike in the previous models, power is decentralized. This concept of decision making as a political process emphasizes the natural multiplicity of goals, values, and interests in a complex environment. The political model views decision making as a process of conflict resolution and consensus building and decisions as products of compromise. The old adage, â€Å"Scratch my back and I’ll scratch yours,† is the dominant decision-making strategy. When a problem requires a change n policy, the political model predicts that a manager will consider a few alternatives, all of them similar to existing policy. This perspective points out that decisions tend to be incremental— that managers make small changes in response to immediate pressures instead of working out a clear set of plans and a comprehensive program. This incrementalist approach can be seen as the simplest or most extreme form of satisficing. The incremental approach of the political model allows managers to reduce the time spent on the information search and problem definition stages. Incremental decision making is geared to address shortcomings in present policy rather than consider a superior, but novel, course of action. In the political model, the stakeholders have different perception, priorities, and solutions. Because stakeholders have the power to veto some proposals, no policy that harms a powerful stakeholder is likely to triumph even if it is objectively â€Å"optimal.† Our purpose in reviewing these models of organizational decision making is to highlight the realities of decision making that must be recognized when developing or acquiring information systems. If the designer of an I/S assumes that the rational model is a valid representation of the way a given organization is being managed when in fact the political model is a more valid description, s/he may encounter serious implementation  problems. For example, access to information can be very sensitive issue, since in politics, â€Å"information is power.† If managers discover that once a new information system is implemented they will no longer have access to certain data, it is quite possible they will resist the implementation effort. When we consider the issue of organizational decision making, it is important to recognize that the structure of the organization has a strong influence on how and when information is communicated and who gets involved in what decisions. We now turn our attention to the issue of organizational structure.

Civil Inattention essays

Civil Inattention essays Every time we enter a public place we engage in some sort of social interaction. This is a part of our everyday life. Certain public settings are even created for the sole purpose of social interaction. The Study Hall bar in Isla Vista is one such place. Most people go to this bar to get drunk, and to interact with friends or among the unacquainted. Throughout my many visits to the Study Hall, I observed multiple kinds of social transmissions. These interactions between bar patrons varied from positive to negative discussions and were influenced by not only gender but social status also. In the following pages to come I will discuss and analyze social interactions between certain individuals and analytically breakdown some of the conversations that were occurring during my visits. The following analysis will explain what sorts of interactions take place inside of a bar, and will examine the effects that alcohol has on a person engaging in conversation with the known and unkno wn. Many concepts will be used to explain and analyze the social transmissions at the Study Hall. After observing many different situations and interactions at the bar, I was able to apply concepts that were used in lecture and throughout the readings. I will begin by analyzing the forming of a relationship and work all the way into breaking down the actual conversation itself which all occurred at the Study Hall. The process begins with an initial interaction between two individuals who are meeting for the first time. Civil Inattention and Anonymous Relationships It begins with a young male coming to the bar to meet his friends to watch a game. As he enters, a female sitting at a table with two other women notices him. As he passed, he glanced at the table of girls at which time female #1 (the girl who first noticed him) happily made eye contact with him and gave a little smile. It would only be a matter of time before the two would en...

Intercultural Communication in Bend It Like Beckham essays

Intercultural Communication in Bend It Like Beckham essays Bend it Like Beckham is about a young Indian woman named Jessminder who struggles between being herself and doing what she loves and pleasing her family and their traditional values. Jesss parents want her to lead a traditional life and learn to cook, work on her education, and get married like her sister. They dont like her playing soccer, which Jess not only loves to do, but is also very talented at. When Jess is discovered by another local female soccer player, Jules, and asked to play on their local girls team, she knows her parents will never accept this as part of her life. However, Jess decides to lie to her parents and secretly join the team in order to pursue her love of soccer. The film is full of so many examples of intercultural communication; it was actually hard to focus on a specific area. However, one of the aspects in the film I found especially interesting was the culture clash between Jesss very traditional parents and extended family compared to the very modern London, England, where they lived. I realized later after studying the film in greater detail that several characters within the movie experience their own culture clash and adapt and change in their own ways. In the essay The Role of Family and Macrocultures in Intercultural Relationships by Carley H. Dodd and John R. Baldwin, the authors explain that it has traditionally been believed that a culture is made up of large groups of people that share the same way of life, such as a specific ethnic group or members of the same country. However, many scholars now believe that any size group can share a way of life, and for that group, this becomes a culture (Dodd and Baldwin, 335). This was evident to me as I witnessed not only Jesss family adapt to their changing environment, but Jess herself adapt and accept the soccer player way of life, and also Jules mother Paula as she...

Biodiversity Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Biodiversity - Research Paper Example On a more lofty plane of analysis, proponents of biotechnology, laud it as a triumph of human innovation, an example of humankind’s superior knowledge over other organisms in the eco-system. Some even argue that â€Å"sustainable agriculture is possible only with biotechnology and imaginative chemistry.† (Schneiderman and Carpenter, 1990). Environmental advocates, on the other hand, warn of the hazards of biotechnology on biodiversity and other life-forms. For example, environmentalists assert that the corn that is keeping pests away is also killing the Monarch butterfly. According to Wilson (1992), â€Å"the race is on to develop methods, to draw more income from the wildlands without killing them, and so to give the invisible hand of the free market a green thumb.† the central debate that underpins the biotechnology discourse: balancing the WTO principles on liberalization and the environmental concerns of biotechnology. To quote Herdegen (2010): Biotechnology on the international level, is covered by the said Multilateral Environmental Agreements (MEAs), which build their judicial content upon a precautionary approach. On the other hand, WTO trade law is deemed to focus on the abolition of trade barriers and the combating of protectionism and unjustified discrimination. Therefore there is a potential for conflict between trade law and MEAs, especially in the field of biotechnology. It is this conflict that has made the crafting of an international legal framework for biotechnology so fraught with tensions, and the road to Cartagena so bumpy. The proposal for the international regulation of biotechnology was spawned by a 1986 incident, wherein the United States tested a genetically-modified rabies vaccine in Argentina, without having informed, much less obtained consent, from the Argentine government. This raised fears that with without an international legal framework for biotechnology, developed countries would use developing countries as laboratories, thus putting citizens of the latter at great risk. (Gupta, 2000: 24). There was a pre-existing Convention on Biological Diversity that could be used to serve as a framework for the creation of a convention particularly and specifically addressing biotechnology concerns and issues. Article 8 of the CBD called on Parties to â€Å"establish or maintain means to regulate, manage or control the risks associated with the use and release of living modified organisms resulting from biotechnology which are likely to have adverse environmental impacts that could affect the conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity, taking also into account the risks to human health.† On the basis of Article 8, the parties to the Convention decided to form a working group to hammer out a protocol acceptable by all. Delegates from 170 nations locked heads in Cartagena to work through the contentious issues being raised and the various points of divergence between nations and stake holders. In a press release by the United Nations Environment Program (UNEP) in 1999, Klaus Toepfer, executive director of the program, was quoted as saying: â€Å"we need a widely accepted protocol that protects the environment, strengthens the capacity of developing countries to ensure biosafety, complements existing national regulations, and promotes public confidence in biotechnology and all the benefits it can offer.† This, however, proved to be easier said than done. Countries from Europe and from the developing world found themselves forming an

Network Infrastructure Basics in the LAB Assignment

Network Infrastructure Basics in the LAB - Assignment Example The most important thing about this standard is that there is no backward compatibility it supports. I installed this card in the PCI slot of the motherboard of the PC and completed my LAB. In this LAB (6.2.4) requirement was to set up a wireless environment in by installing a high-speed wireless card in PC and a wireless access device in LAPTOP which is without a wireless built-in wireless adaptor (Habraken, 2003). Another thing to check here was to set up a device so that it can be accessed by any other wireless adaptor. So I used the following devices from the available ones according to the standards given in the LAB 6.2.2 (Wireless Standard Facts). After completing this LAB I have found that 802.11n standard is fastest amongst all the others (802.11a/b/g), with data rate up to 600 Mbps at 2.4 GHz frequency 802.11n promises significantly higher speed and range. It also includes backward compatibility with 802.11 a/b/g (Labsim). In this LAB (6.2.4) it was required to set up a high-speed wireless environment just to transfer files between LAPTOP and computer at very high speed and not to install an extra device. LAPTOP already has a built-in wireless network adaptor. After reviewing LAB 6.2.2 (Wireless Standard Facts) and amongst the given adaptors I choose 802.11b/g adapter. There were many other devices also available in this LAB including an access point. I installed the 802.11b/g wireless adapter on the computer. As per the Wireless Standards, Facts 802.11g operates at 2.4 GHz at speeds up to 54 Mbps. With just the wireless adapter installed, you can create an ad hoc wireless network and connect directly to the laptop to transfer files (Saha, Mukherjee, & Bandyopadhyay, 2003).

BUS303 MODULE 1 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

BUS303 MODULE 1 - Assignment Example Additionally, defamatory statements should be avoided because the company will take them with a lot of seriousness. This may entail filling a court suit against employees who tend to use defamatory statements when sending their emails, the company may further terminate the services rendered by employees who continue violating company email announcement policies. This means that they should disclose their contact details such as names, employee pin address, phone numbers, email address and the subject of their emails. The company will not accept emails containing graphics because the company would consider them less formal and unprofessional. Any email received from employees and all the stakeholders will be maintained in the company data base for future references and communication. Incase of clarity and quick responses employees are advised to follow the procedure of filling the forms available in the company website. Connectively, employees are advised to close check their emails b efore they press a sent button in order to clarify any unclear issue. On the contrary, XYZ company will ensure that all email sent by employees comply with the company email policies. In above connection, email sent will be treated with a lot of confidentiality and that no email sent by employees will be disclosed to any third party without the consent of the recipient. Additionally, after the company has received an email from employees or any other stake holder, an automatic email notification will be sent within twenty four hours to show the recipient that the XYZ Company is in receipt of an email sent. Afterwards, the relevant department will review the email sent and provide necessary feedback within two to five business days whereby, weekends and holidays will not be considered as business days. During the review the relevant department will assess whether the email sent is in compliance with the company email policy guidelines as provided in the book let. The company is looki ng forward to supply email policy booklet that provide a comprehensive discussion of the email policy guidelines. Incase of any assistance, employees are encouraged to seek for the advice in order to ensure that email policies are followed to the latter. Therefore, employees are advised to read the XYZ Company email policy guidelines and adhere to them until further announcements are made. From the Managing Director, XYZ Company Signature Summary on email policy announcement The main aim of adopting new email announcement policies is because the XYZ Company is contemplating global expansion to diversify its portfolio into other nation across the world. Therefore, the company wants to be more professional unlike before when dealing with its employees and all the relevant stakeholders (Christensen, Para, 3). This is because by being professional the company will attract numerous investors from the diaspora as many investors would have confidence with the company (Christensen, Para, 3- 5). The policy of ensuring that an email addressed to XYZ Company are precised and to the point may help to capture the necessary information without much strain and therefore, efficiency and effectiveness in communication will be enhanced (Johnson, PP.14-17). Connectively, the policy of using non defamatory statement aims at ensuring that the information

Wuthering Heights by Emily Bronte Essay Example for Free

Wuthering Heights by Emily Bronte Essay Wuthering Heights written by Emily Bronte is a 19th century gothic novel. The book is the story of love and twisted relationships with a splash of heart ache and evil. Heathcliff and Catherine the main characters are supported by a range of others whom interact with them to keep them apart. The novel has been widely read and made into several movies. The Masterpiece theater production of Wuthering Heights from 1996 is a good rendering, but there are several differences between the book and the movie. In the book Heathcliff’s character is developed with complicated personality traits. He is brooding, angry, compassionate and loving. The movie on the other hand, Heathcliff is a bit softer not exactly the dark skin gipsy you would be expecting. Tom Hardy the actor portraying Heathcliff gives a modern day performance of a softer and mellower person rather than the dark and broody character of the novel. The book also has a narrator a character named Lockwood. Lockwood is the character Bronte uses to progress the story along. Lockwood rents the Manor House from Heathcliff. He is rather ignorant gentleman, so he is not keen on being within the boundaries of Wuthering heights. The movie does not provide the audience with a narrator; however, it provides the use of flashbacks to progress the story along. Bronte uses ghosts in the book Wuthering Heights they represent Heathcliff’s emotions. For example the ghost of dead Catherine represents Heathcliff’s guilt and shame. In the movie the director uses nightmares, visual effects and music to represent the emotions of shame and guilt. Both allow the audience to understand the feelings of the character. Although two different representations are used the shame and the guilt of Heathcliff is understood by the audience. Both the book and movie convey the character in depth emotional makeup. The physical aspects of the novel and the movie are different. In the novel Wuthering Heights word description of scenery allows the readers imagination to create. In the movie actual locations are used which give a more define and detail oriented landscape. The castle used in the movie is dark brick and dates back to the 17th century and represents gloom. The movie also shows the viewer the gloomy surroundings of Wuthering Heights; giving the audience a visual clue to the emotions of the character. Catherine’s daughters home Thrushcross Grange is portrayed as simple cottage allowing the audience to visualize peacefulness and happiness. The movie doesn’t give the viewer excitement the way the book does; therefore, it doesn’t give â€Å"that† page turning experience. The movie comes across as if Heathcliff is a demented man with a cross to bear not really giving you the background of the story. While the book gives you the detail of the passion and betrayal that created this man. All the characters are more defined and developed because of Bronte’s artistic writing style. The movie being constrained by time and other factors can’t fully envelope the characters of book. In conclusion, I would choose a book over a movie. Bronte’s writing style is something that sparks the imagination and the readers are enthralled by the tale from page one to the end. The movie only can offer a short time of entertainment. I rather have the adventure of a good read coming to know the story and characters over time with the flip of the pages. .

Force Measurment System Based On Strain Gauges Engineering Essay

Force Measurment System Based On Strain Gauges Engineering Essay In this part there will be a use of a strain gauge device which experiences a change of electric resistance when it is strained. Design, build and test a force sensor using strain gauges are provided, as well as development of the appropriate combination of strain gauges with other electrical components to obtain an electric voltage or current representing tensile, compressive or bending strain, together with means of displaying and/or recording its value, is a strain gauge system. Tasks Design and build a strain gauge based force sensor based on a cantilever design or otherwise. Build an appropriate VI that can be used to carry out all tests on the sensor. Experimentally evaluation of the output/force transfer functions of the sensor. Include linearity, hysteresis, sensitivity, accuracy and repeatability in the evaluation. Calculation the expected theoretical output values of the sensor and compression them with the experimental results obtained above. Investigate the effect of temperature on the accuracy of the sensor. Based on this investigation suggest a temperature compensation scheme to improve the performance of the sensor. Build an appropriate VI that takes the output of the sensor and display the result in appropriate units. Part I Explain how the AC Power (wattmeter) measurement is carried out at NPL. Draw a block diagram of the measurement system used. You should include the sources of uncertainties in your discussion. Volts, Amps, Watts, VARs and Power Factor are essential fundamental quantities which must be measured accurately in order to optimize the control and delivery of electric power. Definition of electrical power At a given moment, when a current i travels from generator G to receiver Rin the direction defined by the voltage v delivered by the generator (figure 1), the instantaneous power supplied to the receiver R is equal to product v.i. Figure Generator Receiver If the voltage and current are DC, the mean power V.I is equal to the instantaneous power V.I. If the voltage and current are sinusoidal AC, there is generally a phase shift à Ã¢â‚¬   between the voltage and the current (figure 2). The instantaneous values of voltage v and current (I) have the form: v = Vmax cos à Ã¢â‚¬ °t i = Imax cos (à Ã¢â‚¬ °t à Ã¢â‚¬  ) Where à Ã¢â‚¬ °, the pulse, is proportional to the frequency F (à Ã¢â‚¬ ° = 2à Ã¢â€š ¬F). Figure phase shift between the voltage and the current The instantaneous power has a value of: Vmax . Imax . cos à Ã¢â‚¬ ° . cos (à Ã¢â‚¬ °t à Ã¢â‚¬  ). You must take the average value of this product during a period to obtain the expression of the power provided by generator G to receiver R. This power is called the active power and is expressed by the formula: The wattmeter provide the expression of this product, either by causing a deviation of the pointer in the case of a device with an electrodynamics moving coil, or by supplying a DC current or a voltage proportional to the product in the case of electronic wattcmeters; this current or this voltage is then applied to an analogue or digital display. The existence of a phase shift à Ã¢â‚¬ ¢ between the current and the voltage leads, for AC currents, to the introduction of 3 additional quantities: à ¢-   The apparent power S = Veff . Ieff, in VA (volt-amperes), defining the voltage Veff not to be exceeded (insulator breakdown, increase in core loss) and the intensity Ieff circulating in the receivers. à ¢-   The power factor: When the current and voltage are sinusoidal quantities: à ¢-   The reactive power Q = Veff . Ieff . sin à Ã¢â‚¬ ¢, in rva (reactive volt-amperes). The latter may be directly measured by a wattmeter if for voltage Vmax . cos à Ã¢â‚¬ °t we substitute a phase-shifted voltage of à Ã¢â€š ¬/2, i.e. Vmax x cos (à Ã¢â‚¬ °t à Ã¢â€š ¬/2). The mean product measured will be Vmax . Imax . cos (à Ã¢â‚¬ °t à Ã¢â€š ¬/2) x cos (à Ã¢â‚¬ °t à Ã¢â‚¬ ¢) which is expressed by: Vmax. Imax Q = cos (à Ã¢â€š ¬/2 à Ã¢â‚¬ ¢) = Veff . Ieff . à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã… ¡ sin à Ã¢â‚¬ ¢ 2 Knowing P and Q, we can calculate the apparent power and the power factor: Apparent power: S = à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã… ¡P2+Q2 Power factor: PF = P/S = P/à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã… ¡P2+Q2 Knowing the parameters defined above: active power, reactive power, apparent power, power factor, is fundamental in electrical engineering and enables accurate calculation of the characteristics of the equipment used: yield, load, cos à Ã¢â‚¬ ¢, utilization limits. The wattcmeters used for these measurements are classified in three major families: electrodynamics and electronic. Digital Sampling Watt Meter In NPL the digital sampling AC wattcmeters, which are used for calibration work, each require the generation of sample timing pulses suitably locked to the frequency of the AC which is to be measured. Repetitive waveforms representing the instantaneous test voltage and test current are digitised at equal intervals of time harmonically related to the period of the waveforms. A new NPL standard wattmeter calibrator incorporates improved sample timing generation. It uses a crystal digital oscillator to govern both the sample timing and the AC source frequency. This avoids reliance on timing interpolation uniformity within an input period; only digital frequency dividers are needed. Alternatively, commercial frequency synthesizers can be used, with a common master frequency, to give sampling and signal frequencies. Either alternative allows digital phase control, and reduces the use of special-purpose precision analogue electronics. AC power wattmeter and voltmeters: Figure AC Power Measurement by sampling Power measuring at NPL is based on a digital sampling technique. This works by using a pair of analogue to digital converter (ADC) to take instantaneous samples of the respective voltage and current waveforms involved in measuring by multiplying the specimen pairs, the instantaneous power can be established and by averaging instantaneous over a defined interval the average power of that interval can be arranged. Figure Sampling Wattmeter This technique relies on the execution of the ADC in terms of its exactness and its ability to take samples at well-defined instant in time. To meet these requirements NPL has developed an ADC system based on the fastest shape of ADC, known as a blaze converter. Unfortunately, these devices are of circumscribed resolution and to overcome this limitation they are included in configuration that uses a Digital to Analogue Converter (ADC). This organized whole makes employ the repetitive properties of the waveforms of attention where single round is extremely like to the following round. Figure Phantom Power The computer takes a conjecture at the signal level at a stated moment on the waveform. This digital guess is accurately converted to voltage using the DAC. The guess can then be compared to the incoming signal at the required dot in time and the mistake voltage is converted using the blaze converter and passed back to the computer. Because the waveforms are assumed to be repetitive the computer can improve its conjecture for the next round of the waveform using the mistake knowledge from the former round. In this manner the computers conjecture converges on digital reproduction of the input waveform. This reproduction can then be used for AC voltage, current measuring. Figure NPL ADC Schematic Two of these ADC systems are used for single-phase measuring. They are used in conjecture with transducers that change unlike levels of voltage and current to the working signal levels of the ADCs. In organization to present traceability all of these components require single calibration and characterisation. Uncertainty Contribution Any estimation of uncertainties must start by identifying all significant contributions. There may be several sources of error in a measurement where the magnitude of the error could be quantified. Where these can be identified, they should be corrected such that only the residual unknown component contributes to the uncertainty of the measurement. Using the importation of DC voltage from a higher level laboratory as an example, there will be the following uncertainty components: Calibration Uncertainty Transportation Stability with Time Stability with Temperature Noise Usually the measurement techniques used will ensure well defined conditions and minimize loading effects such that the main contributions listed above will be the only significant ones. Calibration Uncertainty Calibration uncertainty is a significant contribution and is usually reported on the certificate of calibration issued by another organization i.e. the national laboratory. Quite reasonably, the national laboratory is beyond the control of other commercial organizations and there is little that can be done by the customer to evaluate the uncertainty reported as a single  ± value on the certificate. For this reason the calibration uncertainty is usually treated as a type B contribution. The reported uncertainty may vary slightly for each calibration and will usually be at a 95% minimum confidence level. Part II Force measurement system based on strain gauges Introduction A small product based of strain gauge is designed in this part of the assignment, force measurement based on strain gauge. Two strain gauges connected properly on each side of a steel cantilever; these two strain gauges are a part of a resistance combination called Wheatstone bridge supplied by 5V. The output of this circuit connected to data acquisition card through an amplification circuit. A Low pass filter circuit provided. The circuit has been designed and calculated then built on a PCB supplied by power supply device. Moreover the circuit has been tested and practically operated using suitable weights (UK 1 penny to 10 pence); ten coins have been used. Data acquisition card used to pass the results to the computer. LabVIEW software was the tool used for monitoring the results. Strain gauge: As an external forces applied to an object, this will produce a stress and strain. That means the metal object will be compressed and the resistance of the metal will increase, while the resistance will decrease if the metal stretched. By using this feature of a specific metal; force measurement sensor bas been built. This called strain gauge. The design of a force measurement system was based on strain gauges because as the name implies they are used for measurement of strain. The strain gauge is attached to the object by a suitable adhesive, such as superglue as shown below: Strain gauge mounted on component under test Figure strain gauge glued on cantilever  [1]   Strain gauge operation: Generally electrical resistance (R) of a metal wire is proportional to the length (L) and inversely proportional to the area (A) as given by (where à Ã‚  is the resistivity). The change in resistance in a strain gauge of resistance R is nearly proportional to the applied strain. [ref9] Hence: K is constant known as the gauge factor which is the sensitivity to strain. Strain; . The gauges used in this report have K=210 ±0.02 Figure (2) shows loaded cantilever Beam SG 1 SG 2 L F X Figure stain gauge block diagram  [2]   The gauges are glued at a distance (L-X) from the load, a load of mass m and weight mg is suspended from the cantilever beam. The beam has thickness t and width w and is made from stainless steel with a young modulus. The calculated strain due to the suspended mass is. Therefore the relative change in the resistance of the strain gauge is given by: . Wheatstone Bridge The change of the resistance of the strain gauges is very small; so the strain gauges have to be connected in a Wheatstone bridge shown in figure (6). The gauge glued on top of the beam is in tension, the gauge glued underneath the beam is in compression, hence strain causes equal and opposite resistance changes in the gauges. By using two gauges the effects of temperature variations on the gauge resistance are cancelled. The bottom end of the bridge circuit is connected to the ground, the circuit is powered by the bridge excitation voltage VEX applied to the top side of the bridge. Figure Wheatstone bridge  [3]   If the strain increases the resistance of Gauge One from R to R + then the resistance of Gauge Two is decreased from R to R . Hence the voltage VG is given by: To balance the Wheatstone bridge the Zero Adjust resistor is adjusted to produce a voltage of VADJ . [ref11] Therefore the output voltage V0 of the Wheatstone bridge is given by: Substituting Then: Circuit design details: Figure Circuit design This circuit is designed and built by a team of three students; and its a number of stages as shown in the block diagram below: Two strain gauges connected on a Wheatstone bridge. Amplification circuit Low pass filter circuit (RC circuit). Data acquisition LabVIEW software based on Computer Strain Gauges Wheatstone bridge Amplification Circuit Filter (RC) D.AQ Computer Screen Figure circuit block diagram Stage one Pre-circuit has been designed and built; which is consists of two strain gauges of resistance of 120à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¦ of each glued on the cantilever. Wheatstone bridge provided with R1,R2 of 1k à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¦ of each and powered by 5v. The figure below show the circuit diagram of first stage. Figure First stage circuit connection The circuit above is a half bridge; while the output voltage will be as: and the object that are used to be measured by the strain gauge sensor is the UK pennies as shown in figure and the mass for it is 3.5 gram. Calculations bridge output voltage L = 140mm, x = 50mm w = 8mm t = 0.5mm E = 210Gpa G = 2 The maximum loading force that the Cantilever can handle is: Where is the Fatigue strength for steel? Since, Then, Kg m = 204 gram So the maximum mass that courses the max force is 204gram Since: G=2 Vs=5V So: Then: 0.219485 mV 0.43897 mV 0.658455 mV 0.87794 mV 1.097425 mV 1.31691 mV 1.536395 mV 1.75588 mV 1.975365 mV 2.19485 mV The following table shows the calculated values: Calculated values No of coins Mass (gram) 0 0 1 3.5 2 7 3 10.5 4 14 5 17.5 6 21 7 24.5 8 28 9 31.5 10 35 The figure shows the relation between the mass of the coins and the calculated output voltage of the bridge circuit. Chart 1. The relation between the mass and O/p voltages Second Stage: In this stage an amplification circuit is needed in order to increase the output voltage to a range of 0 10 v as an input to the data acquisition, INA126 OP AMP has been used with a gain resistance of around 80 ohms to get a 1000 amplification ratio, the following figure show the op amp circuit diagram: Figure Op amp circuit diagram According to the data sheet, and from the table shown above the gain of the circuit can be adjusted by varying the Gain Resistor RG. The gain 1000 needed could be done by using or adjusting the gain resistance RG to be 80.4 à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¦ (variable resistor has been used). And the following calculations proves the value of the Gain Resistor RG Since; So; Third stage: Figure Low pass filter circuitAs show in circuit diagram, an RC filter with a components of C= 22uF and R = 10 k ohms. The calculation below shows that this filter values is above the maximum frequency of the expected values from the dc components and to guarantee to get rid of the voltage spikes. The frequency value is about 1 Hz. Measuring the Bridge output voltage As the circuit has been connected, start measuring the output of the Bridge circuit for each number of coins. Measurement values No of coins Mass (gram) 0 0 1 3.5 2 7 3 10.5 4 14 5 17.5 6 21 7 24.5 8 28 9 31.5 10 35 And the chart bellow shows the relation between the mass of the pennies and the measured output voltage of the bridge circuit. Chart 2. The relation between the mass and O/p voltages The chart above shows the relation between the mass of the coin with the output voltage values, it can be clearly seen that there is a non-linearity with the chart and this caused by the non accurate measures. The red line is the trend-line which used to simulate the real linearity for the chart. The following table shows the results of the output of the amplification circuit Measurement No of coins Mass (gram) Output of the Bridge in (mV) 0 0 0 1 3.5 0.20 2 7 0.41 3 10.5 0.62 4 14 0.83 5 17.5 1.12 6 21 1.42 7 24.5 1.57 8 28 1.78 9 31.5 1.93 10 35 2.21 Experimental procedures Procedures: Connecting and implementing the circuit as shown in the circuit connection Testing the circuit if its working Make sure of the output of the bridge is set to 0V. Put the coins (penny) on the beam and observe the output of the circuit, if the circuit it works, go to next step. The bellow picture shows the penny which has been used as the weights to be measured in the experiments. The weight of this penny is 3.5. That should be taken into account in the calculations. Figure UK Penny Data acquisition: Lab View has been used to simulate the operation of the circuit. Lab view is a measurement application which uses a variety of data acquisition hardware. The following Figure shows the block diagram consisting of the DAQ assistant and some numerical representation of the number of coins and weight in grams with the ability to adjust the offset. The bellow pictures showing how the practical work had been carried and what stage we did carry to finish this piece of work: Integrating all the circuits had been justified and connecting the output to the LabVIEW by the data acquisition. LabVIEW screen shots below show the real practical results of the circuit: Figure LabVIEW simulation Output values with no load on cantilever Figure output value with on load Screen shots for some values: When taken the results another test has been done by exchange the cantilever upside down and negative results found. And the following LabVIEW screen shot result show the output voltage with 10 coins on, with both negative and positive results: Figure output of 10 coins (negative and positive) Results and Analysis No of coins Test 1 Test 2 Test 3 Test 4 Test 5 Test 6 Test 7 Test 8 Test 9 Test 10 Mean (Average) Standard Deviation 1 0.20 0.24 0.23 0.21 0.22 0.23 0.24 0.25 0.26 0.20 0.228 0.02044 2 0.41 0.47 0.43 0.42 0.39 0.38 0.41 0.44 0.49 0.42 0.426 0.03373 3 0.62 0.71 0.69 0.64 0.63 0.62 0.65 0.64 0.63 0.61 0.644 0.03204 4 0.83 0.78 0.81 0.83 0.83 0.82 0.79 0.72 0.75 0.82 0.798 0.03795 5 1.12 1.21 1.18 1.19 1.09 1.05 1.17 1.16 1.15 1.11 1.143 0.04968 6 1.42 1.37 1.34 1.25 1.23 1.22 1.28 1.18 1.21 1.41 1.291 0.08749 7 1.57 1.81 1.79 1.71 1.64 1.62 1.67 1.66 1.61 1.56 1.664 0.08462 8 1.80 1.79 1.81 1.77 1.69 1.67 1.69 1.63 1.67 1.81 1.733 0.06929 9 1.93 1.99 2.01 2.05 1.99 1.99 1.89 1.93 1.97 1.92 1.967 0.04855 10 2.21 2.29 2.32 2.28 2.20 2.26 2.16 2.26 2.10 2.21 2.229 0.06624 Maximum Experimental Error The maximum experimental error in the expected value of Vo using the formula The error in our application was acceptable and its expected, many factors may affect the results especially temperature affect as the strain gauge based on resistance variation of the metal which affected by temperature. Self evaluation During working on this mini project I have learn a lot according to sensors application specially strain gauges application, and how we could make use of the sensors and how to design a circuit by choose the suitable components as well as improving the output results of the circuit. With the help from the tutor Dr Ahmed we succeed to design and built the circuit. The team which I was involved to do the work with was very good as very accomplish to finish the work as soon as possible. Working on teams has so many advantages as the work would be split to save the time. The designing and the building for the circuit didnt take much time, by the time we finished the design we started to take the measuring and the readings for the outputs. Working on new software like the LABVIEW was very challenge because its the first time for me to get use to this software and a very hard work has been taken to carry some tutorials and know how the software is work. As this software is very wide in use and has everything that the engineer can have the benefit from the use of such amazing software. Conclusion A mini project has been designed and built based on strain gauge trying to perform what it is regarded as basic function like measuring the weight. Stain gauges are quite simple in design. The circuit diagram of the design was designed in the MULTISIM electronic workbench software. All components were calculated to get suitable values as well as a typical calculation has been done for the results. The measurement values compared with the calculated values and a very small different was provided as this is expected and acceptable. Lapview tool was the best software to simulate the output of the circuit where the output can be clearly achieved as well as we could multiply, divide and/or add factors to the output results value.